
Explore more than 60 years of research
The E.V.A. Initiative
We have studied more than 43,000 cars in real-life accidents with 72,000 occupants since the 1950s.
This collection of documents is the sample of the result of all our research and safety development, some to which access has been limited, up until now.
Throughout the years, it has contributed to many innovative systems such as WHIPS (Whiplash Injury Protection System), SIPS (Side Impact Protection System), and numerous child safety products.
We are now sharing this research by letting everyone download more than 40 years of research. We hope this will lead to safer cars for everyone - regardless of gender and size. Because at Volvo Cars, we will always put people first.
Norin H, Andersson B, The adult belt – a hazard to the child?, IAATM 6th Int Conf, Melbourne, Australia, 1977
Topic: abdomen frontal impact, Child safety
Norin H, Saretok E, Jonasson K, Samuelsson S, The Child in the Volvo Car, Volvo Report, Gothenburg, Sweden, 1978
Topic: Child safety
Carlsson G, Holmgren J, Nilsson-Ehle A, Nilsson S, Norin H, Volvo/TNO European Workshop on Child Safety in Passenger Cars, Volvo/TNO European Workshop on Child Safety in Passenger Car, Kenkrade, The Netherlands, 1986
Topic: Child safety
Carlsson G, Holmgren J, Norin H, The Child in the Volvo Car, The 11th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV) Proceedings, Washington DC, USA, 1987
Topic: Child safety
Planath I, Rygaard C, Nilsson S, Synthesis of data towards neck protection criteria for children, Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference, Verona, Italy, 1992
Topic: Methodology & real world data , Child safety
Jakobsson L, Isaksson-Hellman I, Volvo Research: Safety for the Growing Child, The 3rd International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Cologne, Germany, 2004
Topic: Child safety
Lundell B, Claeson P, Promotion of CRS safety by ISO TC22/SC12/WG1 Child Restraint Systems, The 5th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2005
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Isaksson-Hellman I, Lundell, B, Safety for the growing child – Experiences from Swedish accident data, Paper No. 05-0330, The 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV), Washington DC, USA, 2005
Topic: Child safety
Claeson P, Jakobsson L, CRS International standards update – ISO/TC 22/SC 12/WG 1 Child restraint systems (in road vehicles), The 5th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2007
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Wiberg H, Isaksson-Hellman I, Gustafsson J, Rear seat safety for children aged 4 and above – A new integrated 2-stage booster cushion, The 5th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2007
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Wiberg H, Isaksson-Hellman I, Gustafsson J, Rear seat safety for the growing child – A new 2-stage integrated booster cushion, Paper No. 07-0322, The 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles Conference (ESV), Lyon, France, 2007
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Isaksson-Hellman I, Lindman M, Positive trend of proper restraint usage – injury reduction for children aged 4-12, The 7th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2009
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Bohman K, Stockman I, Child Kinematics in the Rear Seat during Driving Manoeuvres, The 9th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2011
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Bohman K, Stockman I, Andersson M, Osvalder A-L, Older Children's Sitting Postures when Riding in the Rear Seat, Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference, Krakow, Poland, 2011
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Bohman K, Andersson M, Stockman I, Boström O, Svensson M, Svanberg H, Wimmerstedt M, Arbogast KB, Rear Seat Safety in Frontal to Side Impacts – Focusing on Occupants from 3yrs to Small Adults, Paper No. 11-0257, The 22nd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV), Washington DC, USA, 2011
Topic: Child safety
Arbogast K, Boström O, Jakobsson L, Fildes B, Setting the Future Agenda for Child Occupant Protection: Results from a Workshop in Prato, The 9th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2011
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Lechelt U, Walkhed E, The balance of vehicle and child seat protection for the older children in child restraints, The 10th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2012
Topic: Child safety
Arbogast KB, Bohman K, Stockman I, Jakobsson L, Child occupant protection: Latest knowledge and future opportunities – Results of a workshop in Gothenburg, Sweden, The 11th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2013
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Broberg T, André K, Compact Child Seat – a concept designed around the users, The 11th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2013
Topic: Child safety
Charlton JL, Koppel S, Cross S, Rudin-Brown C, Kuo J, Arbogast KB, Loeb H, Eby D, Bohman K, Svensson M, Jakobsson L, Stockman I, Naturalistic observation of children in cars: an international partnership, The 11th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2013
Topic: Child safety
Osvalder A-L, Hansson I, Stockman I, Carlsson A, Bohman K, Jakobsson L, Older Children’s Sitting Postures, Behaviour and Comfort Experience during Ride – A Comparison between an Integrated Booster Cushion and a High-Back Booster, Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2013
Topic: Child safety
Carlsson A, Strandroth J, Stockman I, Bohman K, Svensson MY, Wenäll J, Gummesson M, Turbell T, Jakobsson L, Review of child car occupant fatalities in Sweden during six decades, Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2013
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Lindman M, Booster usage in cars 2000-2013, in Sweden, The 13th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2015
Topic: Child safety
Arbogast K, Bohman K, Brolin K, Jakobsson L, Child occupant protection: latest knowledge and future opportunities, The 13th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munic, Germany, 2015
Topic: Child safety
Brolin K, Stockman I, Andersson M, Bohman K, Gras LL, Jakobsson L, Safety of children in cars: A review of biomechanical aspects and human body models, IATSS Research 38(2):92-102, March, 2015
Topic: Child safety
Heurlin F, Jakobsson L, Nilsson H, Front passenger airbag benefits for restrained forward‐facing children, Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference, Malaga, Spain, 2016
Topic: Chest frontal impact, Head frontal (incl moose), Child safety
Bohman K, Jakobsson L, Stockman I, Retention of rear seat occupants during evasive steering maneuver – effect of seatbelt pre-pretensioner, The 14th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2016
Topic: Child safety
Charlton JL, Koppel S, Cross S, Kuo J, Rudin-Brown C, Arbogast K, Loeb H, Eby D, Bohman K, Svensson M, Stockman I, Jakobsson L, The Child Safety in Cars International Collaborative Study: Early findings and lessons learned, The 14th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2016
Topic: Child safety
Heurlin F, Jakobsson L, Front passenger airbag interaction with restrained forward-facing children, The 15th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2017
Topic: Child safety
Arbogast KB, Bohman K, Jakobsson L, Protecting children and youth in cars: highlighting non-nominal cases and the user experience, The 15th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2017
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Bohman K, Svensson M, Wimmerstedt M, Rear seat safety for children aged 4-12: Identifying the real-world needs towards development of countermeasures, Paper no. 17-0088, The 25th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV), Detroit, USA, 2017
Topic: Child safety
Jakobsson L, Rearward facing child seats – past, present and future, The 15th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2017
Topic: Child safety
Stockman I, Bohman K, Jakobsson L, Seat belt pre-pretensioner effect on child sized dummies during run-off road events, Traffic Inj Prev. 2017 May 29;18(sup1):S96-S102 & Paper no. 17-0125, The 25th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV), Detroit, USA, 2017
Topic: Child Safety
Baker G, Stockman I, Bohman K, Jakobsson L, Svensson M, Osvalder A-L, Wimmerstedt M, Kinematics and shoulder belt engagement of children on belt-positioning boosters during emergency braking events, Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference, Antwerp, Belgium, 2017
Topic: Child safety
Bohman, K, Stockman I, Jakobsson L, Wimmerstedt M, Kruse D, Sundmark H, Comparisons of Q10 original and different Q10 Euro NCAP 2020 update dummies in frontal and side impact sled tests, The 16th International Conference Protection of Children in Cars, Munich, Germany, 2018
Topic: Methodology + real world data , Child safety